How does a ball valve achieve medium cutoff or flow by rotating 90 degrees?

The ball valve achieves the cutoff or flow of the medium by rotating 90 degrees. Its working principle is clear and efficient. The following is a detailed explanation:

1. Overview of working principle
The ball valve is a common fluid control valve. Its core component is a sphere with a circular channel. This sphere can rotate around an axis perpendicular to the channel. When the sphere rotates, the relative position between its channel and the inlet and outlet of the valve will change, thereby achieving the cutoff or flow of the medium.

2. The process of cutting off the medium
Initial state: Before the ball valve is operated, the ball channel and the inlet and outlet of the valve maintain a certain relative position so that the medium can pass smoothly.
Operation process: When the flow of the medium needs to be cut off, the ball is rotated 90 degrees around the axis by a handle, electric device or pneumatic device. In this process, the ball channel gradually staggers with the inlet and outlet of the valve until the ball channel is completely staggered with the inlet and outlet, forming a sealed spherical surface.
Sealing effect: Since the valve seat of the ball valve is usually made of elastic material, when the ball contacts the valve seat, a tight seal can be formed to prevent leakage of the medium. This sealing effect is achieved through the elasticity of the valve seat and the close contact between the ball and the valve seat.

3. The process of achieving medium flow
Initial state: After the medium is cut off, the ball channel is completely staggered with the valve inlet and outlet to form a sealed spherical surface.
Operation process: When the medium flow needs to be restored, the ball is rotated 90 degrees in the opposite direction around the axis by a handle, electric device or pneumatic device. In this process, the ball channel gradually aligns with the valve inlet and outlet until the ball channel is completely aligned with the inlet and outlet to form a smooth channel.
Flow effect: When the ball channel is completely aligned with the inlet and outlet, the medium can pass through the valve smoothly to achieve the flow of the medium. This flow effect is achieved by the unobstructed flow between the ball channel and the inlet and outlet and the reasonable design of the internal flow channel of the valve.

4. Summary
The ball valve realizes the cutoff or flow of the medium by rotating 90 degrees, which has the advantages of simple operation, rapid opening and closing, and good sealing. When the medium is cut off, a tight sealing surface is formed between the ball and the valve seat to prevent medium leakage; when the medium flow is restored, the ball channel is completely aligned with the inlet and outlet to achieve smooth flow of the medium. This working principle makes the ball valve have a wide range of application prospects in the field of fluid control.